TY - JOUR
T1 - Fasciola hepatica, TGF-β and host mimicry
T2 - the enemy within
AU - Musah-Eroje, Mayowa
AU - Flynn, Robin J.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Ornampai Japa, David Haig, and Jane Hodgkinson for useful discussions during the course of these experiments. Work from the Flynn lab referred to herein was funded through the BSBRC ( BB/M018369/1 ) and University of Nottingham Vice-Chancellor International Award to Ornampai Japa and Mayowa Musah-Eroje.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/12
Y1 - 2018/12
N2 - Helminths parasites undergo developmental changes and migration within their definitive host, in addition to establishing chronic infection. Essential to this is the evasion of host immune responses; the canonical Th2 response is effective at removing parasites resident in the intestine. Conversely, helminths also promote the development of antigen-specific anergy and regulation. This often limits pathology but allows parasite survival, parasite effectors mediating this are the subject of intense study. They may be useful as future vaccine targets or xenogenic therapeutics. Fasciola hepatica possesses a family of TGF-like molecules of which one member, FhTLM, is capable of promoting intrinsic and extrinsic effects. Here we review the extrinsic effects of FhTLM on the host macrophage and its consequences for protective immunity. This review also discusses the specificities of FhTLM in light a very recent description of a nematode TGF-β mimic and the effects of endogenous TGF-β.
AB - Helminths parasites undergo developmental changes and migration within their definitive host, in addition to establishing chronic infection. Essential to this is the evasion of host immune responses; the canonical Th2 response is effective at removing parasites resident in the intestine. Conversely, helminths also promote the development of antigen-specific anergy and regulation. This often limits pathology but allows parasite survival, parasite effectors mediating this are the subject of intense study. They may be useful as future vaccine targets or xenogenic therapeutics. Fasciola hepatica possesses a family of TGF-like molecules of which one member, FhTLM, is capable of promoting intrinsic and extrinsic effects. Here we review the extrinsic effects of FhTLM on the host macrophage and its consequences for protective immunity. This review also discusses the specificities of FhTLM in light a very recent description of a nematode TGF-β mimic and the effects of endogenous TGF-β.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054571563&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mib.2018.09.002
DO - 10.1016/j.mib.2018.09.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30317150
AN - SCOPUS:85054571563
VL - 46
SP - 80
EP - 85
JO - Current Opinion in Microbiology
JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology
SN - 1369-5274
ER -
